Most multivitamins show no benefit in preventing chronic diseases
By Karen Kaplan 胡德良 译
The news about vitamins keeps getting worse. | 有关维生素的消息越来越不如人意了。 |
A spate of high-profile studies published in the last few years shows that a variety of popular supplements -- including calcium, selenium and vitamins A, C and E -- don't do anything to reduce the risk of developing heart disease, stroke or a variety of cancers. | 在过去的几年中,所发表的大量引人注目的研究成果显示,各种流行的营养补充剂,包括钙、硒以及维生素A、C和E,对于减少心脏病、中风及各种癌症的发病几率没有任何作用。 |
But what about multivitamins? These combination pills, which contain 10 to 30 vitamins and minerals, are the most popular dietary supplements sold in America. A report published today in the Archives of Internal Medicine suggests they shouldn't be. | 可是,复合维生素的情况又如何呢?这些复合片剂包含10到30种维生素和矿物质,是美国最受欢迎的膳食补充剂。今天在《内科学文献》上发表的一则报道表明,复合维生素也应该没有减少上述疾病发病几率的作用。 |
The study tracked 161,808 participants in the Women's Health Initiative, a long-term effort to identify risk factors for cancer, heart disease and bone health in postmenopausal women. Subjects in the nationwide study included white, black, Latina, Asian and Native American women. They were followed for an average of nearly eight years. | 该研究跟踪调查了161,808名美国妇女健康项目(WHI)中的参与者。美国妇女健康项目是为了找出绝经后妇女罹患癌症、心脏病和骨骼疾病的危险因素,而进行的一个长期项目。在这项全国范围的调查中,接受调查的人包括白人、黑人、拉美人和美国本土的妇女们。她们被跟踪调查了近8年。 |
Overall, 41.5% of study participants took some version of a multivitamin. Those women were more likely to be white and college-educated, live in the West, exercise and have a lower body mass index. | 总体来说,在接受调查的参与者中有41.5%的人服用某种形式的复合维生素。这些妇女多数是白人和受过大学教育的人,居住在西部,经常锻炼,体重指数较低。 |
However, women who took multivitamins weren't any more likely to ward off a diagnosis of breast, ovarian, lung, stomach, bladder, kidney, colorectal or endometrial cancer than were women who didn't take multivitamins. Nor were multivitamins in general helpful in preventing heart attacks, strokes, blood clots or reducing the risk of death from any cause during the study period. | 然而,然而比起那些不服用复合维生素的妇女,在她们中并没有较少地诊断出乳腺癌、卵巢癌、肺癌、胃癌、膀胱癌、肾癌、大肠癌和子宫内膜癌等癌患;在调查期间,也没有发现复合维生素从整体上有助于预防心脏病发作、中风和血液凝块等情况的发生,也无助于减少任何原因造成死亡的危险因素。 |
The research team, led by scientists at the Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center in Seattle, did find one modest benefit: The 3,741 women who took stress multivitamins -- formulations with higher doses of several B vitamins along with an extra jolt of vitamin C -- were 25% less likely to have a heart attack. No other correlations between vitamins and health outcomes were statistically significant. | 由美国西雅图佛瑞德哈钦森癌症研究中心的科学家领导的这个研究小组的确发现了一个小小的益处:在服用强化复合维生素的3,741名妇女中,心脏病发作的几率降低了25%。在强化复合维生素的配方中,B族的几种维生素含量较高,并含有少量的维生素C。在维生素与健康之间的相互关系方面,其他调查结果均没有统计意义。 |
The study provides convincing evidence that multivitamin use has little or no influence on the risk of common cancers, cardiovascular disease or total mortality in postmenopausal women, the authors wrote. | 研究人员在报道中写道:该研究提供了令人信服的证据,证明了复合维生素在减少普通癌症、心血管疾病的患病率和总体死亡率方面,对于绝经后妇女几乎没有或根本没有影响。 |
So, they wondered, "Why do millions of Americans use a daily multivitamin for chronic disease prevention when the supporting scientific data are weak?" | 所以,研究人员感到纳闷:“在没有足够的科学资料作为支撑的情况下,为什么成百万的美国人每天服用复合维生素来预防慢性病呢?” |
Some physicians continue to recommend them as a backstop for patients whose diets may contain nutritional gaps. And since they don't require a prescription, many people simply assume they are safe. | 一些医生继续把复合维生素当作一张王牌,推荐给那些饮食中可能存在营养缺口的病人。由于不需要处方,很多人便想当然地认为复合维生素是安全的。 |
But those assumptions may not be warranted, especially if people wind up overdosing on vitamins and minerals, the researchers wrote. | 然而,研究人员写道:那些想当然的认识是没有保障的,特别是如果人们最终服用各种维生素和矿物质过量的话,就更没有安全可言。 |
译自:《洛杉矶时报》网站(February 16, 2009)
月亮飞船经典日志导读
凝 血 新 知 (图) | 举重会导致死亡危险(图) |
紫锥菊可以预防感冒(图) | 吸烟的危害因性别而异(图) |
如何预防皮肤癌(图) | 你对癌症具有免疫力吗?(图) |
血 液 的 未 来(图) | 立竿见影的中风疗法(图) |
绝经后应该做做心电图(图) | 基因疗法防治阳痿(图) |
可以嗅出疾病的电子鼻(图) | 婴儿居室里的苦恼(图) |
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